@article{ref1,
title="Suicide trends over time by occupation in Korea and their relationship to economic downturns",
journal="International journal of environmental research and public health",
year="2019",
author="Yoon, Jin-Ha and Jung, Sun Jae and Choi, Jaesung and Kang, Mo-Yeol",
volume="16",
number="11",
pages="e16112007-e16112007",
abstract="We analyzed suicide mortality by occupation using administrative data from 1993 to 2016. <br><br>METHODS: National death records from 1993 to 2016 of the Korea National Statistical Office (KNSO) were used. Suicidal death was taken from Korean Classification of Disease codes as intentional self-harm (X60-X84) and sequelae of intentional self-harm (Y870). Occupational groups were categorized into &quot;Manager,&quot; &quot;Officer,&quot; &quot;Service-Trade,&quot; &quot;Agricultural-Fishery-Forestry&quot; (AFF), &quot;Skilled Manual,&quot; and &quot;Unskilled Manual.&quot; Direct standardized mortality (DSM) and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Overall, suicide rates increased during economic downturns, especially among lower socio-economic occupation classes. Both DSM and SMR were highest in AFF, followed by Unskilled Manual, Service-Trade, Officer, Skilled Manual, and Manager categories among men, whereas women showed the highest DSM and SMR in AFF, followed by Service-Trade, Officer, Unskilled Manual, Manager, and Skilled Manual categories. The age-stratified analysis showed that age groups with increasing trends in suicide differed according to occupation and gender. In certain occupational groups, the time-point prevalence fluctuated with socio-economic background in suicidal mortality and differed by age and gender.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1661-7827",
doi="10.3390/ijerph16112007",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112007"
}