@article{ref1,
title="Application of social big data to identify trends of school bullying forms in South Korea",
journal="International journal of environmental research and public health",
year="2019",
author="Kim, Hayoung and Han, Yoonsun and Song, Juyoung and Song, Tae Min",
volume="16",
number="14",
pages="e16142596-e16142596",
abstract="As the contemporary phenomenon of school bullying has become more widespread, diverse, and frequent among adolescents in Korea, social big data may offer a new methodological paradigm for understanding the trends of school bullying in the digital era. This study identified Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Future Signals of 177 school bullying forms to understand the current and future bullying experiences of adolescents from 436,508 web documents collected between 1 January 2013, and 31 December 2017. In social big data, sexual bullying rapidly increased, and physical and cyber bullying had high frequency with a high rate of growth. School bullying forms, such as &quot;group assault&quot; and &quot;sexual harassment&quot;, appeared as Weak Signals, and &quot;cyber bullying&quot; was a Strong Signal. <br><br>FINDINGS considering five school bullying forms (verbal, physical, relational, sexual, and cyber bullying) are valuable for developing insights into the burgeoning phenomenon of school bullying.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1661-7827",
doi="10.3390/ijerph16142596",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142596"
}