@article{ref1,
title="Direct and indirect effects of behavioral inhibition/activation systems on depression and current suicidal ideation through rumination and self-reflection",
journal="Archives of suicide research",
year="2019",
author="Khosravani, Vahid and Baseri, Ali and Kamali, Zoleikha and Mohammadzadeh, Ali and Amirinezhad, Ali",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="1-40",
abstract="This study aimed to evaluate direct and indirect effects of behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS) on depression and current suicidal ideation through rumination and self-reflection in a sample of suicide attempters. Three hundred suicide attempters completed the Rumination/Reflection Questionnaire (RRQ), the Carver and White BIS/BAS scales, the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). <br><br>RESULTS revealed that BAS and BIS had direct effect on suicidal ideation, but not depression. Low BAS had indirect effect on depression through decreased self-reflection. High BIS had indirect effect on depression via increased rumination. Low BAS and high BIS had indirect effects on suicidal ideation through decreased self-reflection. The findings suggest that low BAS and high BIS may be associated with depression and suicidal ideation in suicide attempters who have decreased self-reflection and increased rumination. Also, increasing self-reflection and reducing rumination as respectively adaptive and maladaptive self-focused attention strategies may prohibit depression and suicidal ideation.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1381-1118",
doi="10.1080/13811118.2019.1649224",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2019.1649224"
}