@article{ref1,
title="Employment, health outcomes, and life satisfaction after spinal cord injury: comparison of veterans and nonveterans",
journal="Spinal Cord",
year="2019",
author="Gary, Kelli Williams and Cao, Yue and Burns, Stephen P. and McDonald, Scott D. and Krause, James S.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To explore differences between veterans and nonveterans with spinal cord injury (SCI) for employment, health, and satisfaction with life outcomes after controlling for demographic and injury characteristics. SETTING: Hospitals in the Spinal Cord Injury Model System of care. <br><br>METHODS: A total of 9754 (85% nonveterans and 15% veterans) adults with traumatic SCI interviewed from 2000 and 2015 and completed follow-up years 1, 5, and 10 were included in this study. Employment status and the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique-Short Form (CHART-SF) measured employment. The SF-36 for self-perceived health status, CHART-SF, and rehospitalization determined health outcomes. Satisfaction with life was measured by the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Secondary data analyses using χ<sup>2</sup>, t-tests, and generalized estimating equations (GEEs) model to determine group differences with control of demographic and injury characteristics. <br><br>RESULTS: There were no significant differences for employment and SWL between nonveterans and veterans. There were some differences in health outcomes; whereas, veterans had better physical independence and mobility compared with nonveterans. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Interventions for both groups should target adults with a disability from SCI, be customized for varying levels of injury that address differences in healthcare systems, demographic backgrounds, economic resources, disincentives, and motivation.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1362-4393",
doi="10.1038/s41393-019-0334-9",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41393-019-0334-9"
}