@article{ref1,
title="The angry male and the passive female: The role of gender and self-esteem in anger expression",
journal="Social behavior and personality",
year="1999",
author="Nunn, JS and Thomas, Susan L.",
volume="27",
number="2",
pages="145-153",
abstract="To study the role of self-esteem and gender in anger expression, participants, who were screened for high or low self-esteem, were angered by a confederate. Participants were then given the opportunity to express their anger by administering blasts of white noise to a confederate. Men with low self-esteem exhibited anger-out anger reactions by administering the loudest blasts of white noise, while women with low self-esteem exhibited anger-in anger responses by administering the softest blasts of white noise. High self-esteem men and women did not differ in their anger responses. These findings support the hypothesis that low self-esteem men and women rely upon socialized sex-role stereotypes when responding to anger. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of their impact on therapy for maladaptive anger responses.<p />",
language="",
issn="0301-2212",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}