@article{ref1,
title="The effects of self-construal and the living environment on internalized homophobia among Chinese gay men",
journal="Journal of men's health",
year="2019",
author="Ren, Zhengjia and Hood, Ralph and Yang, Chunsong and Lu, Xiqi and Su, Qiuyu and Tsingan, Li",
volume="15",
number="3",
pages="e25-e34",
abstract="Background and Objective Internalized homophobia is common among gay men. Gay men who live in high-tolerance social environments tend to have less internalized homophobia than gay men who live in low-tolerance environments. The interaction between the living environment and self-construal influences gay men's internalized homophobia.   Material and Methods This study examined the association between self-construal and homophobia according to the living environment using a sample of gay men (N=521) aged 14-43 years. The data were collected between January and August 2017 using an online questionnaire that included an internalized homophobia scale, self-construal items, and demographic characteristics. The two-way ANOVA analyses revealed that the self-construal type was differentially associated with internalized homophobia depending on the living environment of the study participants.   Results Living in a high-tolerance area while having an independent self-construal was associated with lower internalized homophobia scores than living in a low-tolerance area. In contrast, alternating between independent and dependent self-construals was associated with higher internalized homophobia scores.   Conclusion Mental health services for participants with conflicted self-construals are emerging. Self-acceptance and compassion-focused practices should be explored as a way to help gay men adjust their conflicted self-construals.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1875-6867",
doi="10.22374/jomh.v15i3.147",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/jomh.v15i3.147"
}