@article{ref1,
title="Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms contribute to staff perceived irritability, anger, and aggression after TBI in a longitudinal veteran cohort: a VA TBI Model Systems study",
journal="Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation",
year="2019",
author="Miles, Shannon R. and Brenner, Lisa Anne and Neumann, Dawn and Hammond, Flora M. and Ropacki, Susan and Tang, Xinyu and Eapen, Blessen C. and Smith, Austin and Nakase-Richardson, Risa",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Examine the relationship between staff perceived irritability, anger, and aggression (IAA) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI) of all severity levels. <br><br>DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort design. SETTING: Veterans Affairs Polytrauma Transitional Rehabilitation Programs. PARTICIPANTS: Veterans and service members with TBI of all severity levels enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers' Traumatic Brain Injury Model System national database (N = 240). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Univariable and multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to examine the association between IAA and potential risk factors, including PTSD symptoms. IAA was measured as a single construct using an item from the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory-4 that was rated by a program staff member at admission and discharge from the inpatient rehabilitation program. PTSD symptoms were assessed using the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version. <br><br>RESULTS: PTSD symptoms uniquely predicted program staff rated IAA at discharge even after controlling for severity of TBI, age, male gender, education, and annual earning. The model explained 19% of the variance in IAA. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: When TBI severity and PTSD symptoms were considered simultaneously in a sample of veterans, only PTSD symptoms predicted staff-rated IAA. Given the negative outcomes linked with IAA, Veterans may benefit from assessment and treatment of PTSD symptoms within rehabilitation settings.<br><br>Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-9993",
doi="10.1016/j.apmr.2019.07.018",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2019.07.018"
}