@article{ref1,
title="Essential factors leading to a traumatic brain injury during low-speed fender vault pedestrian impacts",
journal="International journal of vehicle safety",
year="2019",
author="Tamura, Atsutaka and Yang, King H.",
volume="11",
number="1",
pages="1-1",
abstract="Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the most common cause of serious and fatal injuries in car-to-pedestrian accidents. We used finite element models to perform a series of low-speed fender vault pedestrian impact simulations with the aim of reconstructing the primary impact phase and the final event of ground contact. We found that when compared to a sedan, a sport utility vehicle more aggressively increased the potential severity of TBI (P ˂ 0.05). In a low-speed collision, a medium level of braking deceleration (0.6 g) was found to significantly better protect the pedestrian's head when compared with low (0.3 g) and high (0.9 g) brake pulses (P ˂ 0.05), suggesting that a reasonable vehicle-to-pedestrian mechanical interaction is required to achieve a soft landing during the ground impact phase. The vehicle front-end design and proper brake deceleration control are essential contributors to a reduced TBI risk in low-speed fender vault pedestrian impact cases.   Keywords: pedestrian; TBI; traumatic brain injury; SUV; sport utility vehicle; sedan; fender vault impact.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1479-3105",
doi="10.1504/IJVS.2019.101291",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJVS.2019.101291"
}