@article{ref1,
title="Sleep-wake disturbances after acquired brain injury in children surviving critical care",
journal="Pediatric neurology",
year="2019",
author="Williams, Cydni N. and Hartman, Mary E. and McEvoy, Cindy T. and Hall, Trevor A. and Lim, Miranda M. and Shea, Steven A. and Luther, Madison and Guilliams, Kristin P. and Guerriero, Réjean M. and Bosworth, Christopher C. and Piantino, Juan A.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Sleep-wake disturbances are underevaluated among children with acquired brain injury surviving critical care. We aimed to quantify severity, phenotypes, and risk factors for sleep-wake disturbances. <br><br>METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study of 78 children aged ≥3 years with acquired brain injury within three months of critical care hospitalization. Diagnoses included traumatic brain injury (n = 40), stroke (n = 11), infectious or inflammatory disease (n = 10), hypoxic-ischemic injury (n = 9), and other (n = 8). Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children standardized T scores measured sleep-wake disturbances. Overall sleep-wake disturbances were dichotomized as any total or subscale T score ≥60. Any T score ≥70 defined severe sleep-wake disturbances. Subscale T scores ≥60 identified sleep-wake disturbance phenotypes. <br><br>RESULTS: Sleep-wake disturbances were identified in 44 (56%) children and were classified as severe in 36 (46%). Sleep-wake disturbances affected ≥33% of patients within each diagnosis and were not associated with severity of illness measures. The most common phenotype was disturbance in initiation and maintenance of sleep (47%), although 68% had multiple concurrent sleep-wake disturbance phenotypes. One third of all patients had preadmission chronic conditions, and this increased risk for sleep-wake disturbances overall (43% vs 21%, P = 0.04) and in the traumatic brain injury subgroup (52% vs 5%, P = 0.001). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Over half of children surviving critical care with acquired brain injury have sleep-wake disturbances. Most of these children have severe sleep-wake disturbances independent of severity of illness measures. Many sleep-wake disturbances phenotypes were identified, but most children had disturbance in initiation and maintenance of sleep. Our study underscores the importance of evaluating sleep-wake disturbances after acquired brain injury.<br><br>Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0887-8994",
doi="10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.08.010",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.08.010"
}