@article{ref1,
title="Racial/ethnic differences in job accessibility effects: explaining employment and commutes in the Los Angeles region",
journal="Transportation research part D: transport and environment",
year="2019",
author="Hu, Lingqian",
volume="76",
number="",
pages="56-71",
abstract="The lack of spatial access to job opportunities is considered one major barrier that explains low employment rates and long commutes of racial/ethnic minorities, particularly in the U.S. But it is unclear whether the job accessibility effects vary by race/ethnicity. This research fills this gap. <br><br>RESULTS based on the Los Angeles region reveal complicated relationships: job accessibility has similarly insignificant effects on the employment probability of white and black job seekers, while the effects on Hispanics and Asians are plausible and significant in low- and medium-education groups. High job accessibility by transit mode reduces commute distance for all racial/ethnic groups, but job accessibility by automobile does not. Therefore, policies that aim to improve economic prospects or to reduce commutes and related externalities need to be both place-sensitive, e.g., improving transit services to employment clusters, and race/ethnicity-sensitive, e.g., considering transportation needs of low- and medium-education Hispanic and Asian workers.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1361-9209",
doi="10.1016/j.trd.2019.09.007",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.09.007"
}