@article{ref1,
title="Morbidity and mortality from road injuries: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017",
journal="Injury prevention",
year="2020",
author="James, Spencer L. and Lucchesi, Lydia R. and Bisignano, Catherine and Castle, Chris D. and Dingels, Zachary V. and Fox, Jack T. and Hamilton, Erin B. and Liu, Zichen and McCracken, Darrah and Nixon, Molly R. and Sylte, Dillon O. and Roberts, Nicholas L. S. and Adebayo, Oladimeji M. and Aghamolaei, Teamur and Alghnam, Suliman A. and Aljunid, Syed Mohamed and Almasi-Hashiani, Amir and Badawi, Alaa and Behzadifar, Masoud and Behzadifar, Meysam and Bekru, Eyasu Tamru and Bennett, Derrick A. and Chapman, Jens Robert and Deribe, Kebede and Duko Adema, Bereket and Fatahi, Yousef and Gelaw, Belayneh K. and Getahun, Eskezyiaw Agedew and Hendrie, Delia and Henok, Andualem and Hidru, Hagos de and Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi and Hu, Guoqing and Jahani, Mohammad Ali and Jakovljevic, Mihajlo and Jalilian, Farzad and Joseph, Nitin and Karami, Manoochehr and Kelbore, Abraham Getachew and Khan, Md Nuruzzaman and Kim, Yun Jin and Koul, Parvaiz A. and La Vecchia, Carlo and Linn, Shai and Majdzadeh, Reza and Mehndiratta, Man Mohan and Memiah, Peter T. N. and Mengesha, Melkamu Merid and Merie, Hayimro Edemealem and Miller, Ted R. and Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi and Mohammad Darwesh, Aso and Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser and Mohammadibakhsh, Roghayeh and Moodley, Yoshan and Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar and Musa, Kamarul Imran and Nascimento, Bruno Ramos and Nikbakhsh, Rajan and Nyasulu, Peter S. and Omar Bali, Ahmed and Onwujekwe, Obinna E. and Pati, Sanghamitra and Pourmirza Kalhori, Reza and Salehi, Farkhonde and Shahabi, Saeed and Shallo, Seifadin Ahmed and Shamsizadeh, Morteza and Sharafi, Zeinab and Shukla, Sharvari Rahul and Sobhiyeh, Mohammad Reza and Soriano, Joan B. and Sykes, Bryan L. and Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael and Tadesse, Degena Bahray Bahrey and Tefera, Yonatal Mesfin and Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash and Tlou, Boikhutso and Topór-Madry, Roman and Wiangkham, Taweewat and Yaseri, Mehdi and Yaya, Sanni and Yenesew, Muluken Azage and Younis, Mustafa Z. and Ziapour, Arash and Zodpey, Sanjay and Pigott, David M. and Reiner, Robert C. and Hay, Simon I. and Lopez, Alan D. and Mokdad, Ali H.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The global burden of road injuries is known to follow complex geographical, temporal and demographic patterns. While health loss from road injuries is a major topic of global importance, there has been no recent comprehensive assessment that includes estimates for every age group, sex and country over recent years. <br><br>METHODS: We used results from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study to report incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, deaths, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life years for all locations in the GBD 2017 hierarchy from 1990 to 2017 for road injuries. Second, we measured mortality-to-incidence ratios by location. Third, we assessed the distribution of the natures of injury (eg, traumatic brain injury) that result from each road injury. <br><br>RESULTS: Globally, 1 243 068 (95% uncertainty interval 1 191 889 to 1 276 940) people died from road injuries in 2017 out of 54 192 330 (47 381 583 to 61 645 891) new cases of road injuries. Age-standardised incidence rates of road injuries increased between 1990 and 2017, while mortality rates decreased. Regionally, age-standardised mortality rates decreased in all but two regions, South Asia and Southern Latin America, where rates did not change significantly. Nine of 21 GBD regions experienced significant increases in age-standardised incidence rates, while 10 experienced significant decreases and two experienced no significant change. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: While road injury mortality has improved in recent decades, there are worsening rates of incidence and significant geographical heterogeneity. These findings indicate that more research is needed to better understand how road injuries can be prevented.<br><br>© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1353-8047",
doi="10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043302",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043302"
}