@article{ref1,
title="Analysis of lookout activity in a simulated environment to investigate maritime accidents caused by human error",
journal="Applied sciences (Basel, Switzerland)",
year="2019",
author="Youn, Ik-Hyun and Park, Deuk-Jin and Yim, Jeong-Bin",
volume="9",
number="1",
pages="e4-e4",
abstract="Maritime accidents remain a significant concern for the shipping industry, despite recent technological developments. In the Republic of Korea, the leading cause of maritime accidents is navigator error, particularly in collisions and groundings; this cause has led to 79% of maritime accidents, according to a recent assessment. The reduction of navigator error is crucial for accident prevention; however, the lack of objective measures to monitor navigator error remains a challenge. The purpose of this study was to develop an objective classification of navigation behaviors in a simulated environment. The statistical model of classification of lookout activity was developed by collecting participants’ lookout behavior using a Kinect sensor within a given scenario. This classification model was validated in non-scenario experiments. The results showed that seven standard lookout activities during a lookout routine were accurately classified in both the model development and validation phases. The proposed model classification of lookout activity using an optical sensor is expected to provide a better understanding of how navigators behave to help prevent maritime accidents in practice.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2076-3417",
doi="10.3390/app9010004",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010004"
}