@article{ref1,
title="Anxiety, depression and sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease: a complex interaction between body and mind",
journal="Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie",
year="2020",
author="Rutten, S. and Vriend, C. and Berendse, H. W. and Van der Werf, Y. D. and van den Heuvel, O. A.",
volume="62",
number="1",
pages="62-72",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease (PD) are often unrecognized, partially due to a complex relationship with sleep disorders and other PD-related symptoms. <br/> AIM: To gain more insight in anxiety, depression and sleep disorders in PD, their reciprocal interaction and relationship with other (non)motor symptoms. <br/> METHOD: With three epidemiological studies in this thesis article we describe: the symptom dimensions of anxiety, motor symptoms and autonomic failure; predictors of the course of anxiety; and the temporal relationship between anxiety, depression and insomnia in PD.<br/> RESULTS: Anxiety in PD has one affective and various somatic symptom dimensions. There is a symptomatic overlap between anxiety and symptoms of motor and autonomic dysfunctions. Anxiety, depression and impulsive-compulsive behaviors in de novo PD show a parallel course. Cognitive dysfunctions and REM-sleep behaviour disorder are risk factors for anxiety in PD patients. The relationship between insomnia and anxiety and depression is bi-directional.<br/> CONCLUSION: There is an overlap, co-morbidity and interaction between anxiety, depression, sleep disorders and (non)motor symptoms, which warrants a multi-disciplinary approach to PD. Sleep disorders and cognitive dysfunctions may provide starting points for treatment and preventions of anxiety in PD.<p /> <p>Language: nl</p>",
language="nl",
issn="0303-7339",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}