@article{ref1,
title="Central effect of components of cannabis: utility and risk",
journal="Yakugaku Zasshi",
year="2020",
author="Mishima, Kenichi and Irie, Keiichi",
volume="140",
number="2",
pages="193-204",
abstract="Cannabis contains over 700 known cannabinoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and so on; however, the roles and importance of these components have yet to be fully understood. Δ<sup>9</sup>-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is believed the most psychoactive component in cannabis, whereas cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol, and cannabigerol are the most well-known non-psychoactive components. THC, but not CBD, has been shown to produce abnormal behavior in animals; these effects are caused, at least in part, by binding to cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB<sub>1</sub>) in the brain. Regarding the risks associated with cannabis use, acute effects of THC, such as a &quot;high&quot;, cognitive deficits, and irritability, are considered more important than potential dependence. On the other hand, CBD has shown anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, analgesic, and anticancer effects. However, CBD has very low affinity (in the micromolar range) for the CB<sub>1</sub> receptor, as well as for the CB<sub>2</sub> receptor, and its underlying mechanism remains obscure. In this review, we demonstrate that THC induces abnormal behavior such as catalepsy-like immobilization, spatial memory impairment, and high and low sensitivity to ultrasonic vocalization after an aversive air-puff stimulus. Moreover, we demonstrate that THC and CBD improve brain injury in middle cerebral artery occlusion in a mouse model through different mechanisms. These findings suggest the need to discuss the recent development of &quot;THC and CBD pharmacology&quot; in animal studies, as well as the utility and risk of various cannabis components in humans.<p /> <p>Language: ja</p>",
language="ja",
issn="0031-6903",
doi="10.1248/yakushi.19-00195-3",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi.19-00195-3"
}