@article{ref1,
title="Return to sport after criteria-based rehabilitation of acute adductor injuries in male athletes: a prospective cohort study",
journal="Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine",
year="2020",
author="Serner, Andreas and Weir, Adam and Tol, Johannes L. and Thorborg, Kristian and Lanzinger, Sean and Otten, Roald and Hölmich, Per",
volume="8",
number="1",
pages="e2325967119897247-e2325967119897247",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Despite being one of the most common sports injuries, there are no criteria-based rehabilitation programs published for acute adductor injuries. <br><br>PURPOSE: To evaluate return-to-sport (RTS) outcomes and reinjuries after criteria-based rehabilitation for athletes with acute adductor injuries. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. <br><br>METHODS: Male adult athletes with an acute adductor injury underwent a supervised, standardized criteria-based exercise rehabilitation program. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to grade the injury extent from 0 (negative finding) to 3 (complete tear/avulsion). There were 3 milestones used to evaluate the RTS continuum: (1) clinically pain-free, (2) completion of controlled sports training, and (3) return to full team training. Subsequent injuries were registered within the first year. <br><br>RESULTS: We included 81 athletes with an acute adductor injury (MRI grade 0: n = 14; grade 1: n = 20; grade 2: n = 30; grade 3: n = 17). Of these, 61 (75%) athletes achieved RTS milestone 1, 50 (62%) achieved RTS milestone 2, and 75 (93%) achieved RTS milestone 3. There were no statistical differences in the RTS duration between MRI grade 0, 1, and 2 at any RTS milestone; thus, these were grouped together as grade 0-2. The median time (interquartile range [IQR]) for athletes with grade 0-2 injuries to become clinically pain-free was 13 days (IQR, 11-21 days), to complete controlled sports training was 17 days (IQR, 15-27 days), and to return to full team training was 18 days (IQR, 14-27 days). For athletes with a grade 3 injury, median times were 55 days (IQR, 31-75 days), 68 days (IQR, 51-84 days), and 78 days (IQR, 68-98 days), respectively. The overall 1-year reinjury rate was 8%. Athletes who achieved RTS milestone 1 had a statistically significantly lower reinjury rate than athletes who did not (5% vs 21%, respectively; ϕ = -0.233; <i>P</i> =.048). Athletes who achieved RTS milestone 2 had a nonstatistically significantly lower reinjury rate than athletes who did not (6% vs 13%, respectively; ϕ = -0.107; <i>P</i> =.366). <br><br>CONCLUSION: We analyzed the results of a criteria-based rehabilitation protocol for athletes with acute adductor injuries. Athletes with an MRI grade 0-2 adductor injury were clinically pain-free after approximately 2 weeks and returned to full team training after approximately 3 weeks. Most athletes with an MRI grade 3 adductor injury were pain-free and returned to full team training within 3 months. Meeting the clinically pain-free criteria resulted in fewer reinjuries compared with not meeting the criteria.<br><br>© The Author(s) 2020.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2325-9671",
doi="10.1177/2325967119897247",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119897247"
}