@article{ref1,
title="Prevalence and predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in physically injured victims of non-domestic violence : A longitudinal study",
journal="Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology",
year="2007",
author="Eilertsen, Dag Erik and Wahl, Astrid K. and Johansen, Venke A. and Weisaeth, L.",
volume="42",
number="7",
pages="583-593",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Victims of violent assault experience diverse post-event emotional problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and they may have multiple emotional problems. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of PTSD in a longitudinal design. METHODS: The levels of physical injury, perceived life threat, prior experience of violence, peritraumatic dissociation (PD), acute PTSD, perceived self-efficacy and perceived social support are considered possible predictors. This study had a single group (N = 70), longitudinal design with three repeated measures over a period of 12 months. Questionnaires used were: Impact of Event Scale-15 and 22 (IES-15 and 22), Post-Traumatic Symptom Scale-10 (PTSS-10), Peritraumatic Dissociation (PD) 7-item self-report measure, Social Provisions Scale (SPS) and Generalized Self-Efficacy scale (GSE). RESULTS: Results showed a high prevalence and severity of PTSD on all outcomes, for instance 31% scored as probable PTSD-cases and 14% as risk level cases by IES-15 at T3. Either injury severity or prior experience of being a victim of violence predicted PTSD in this study. Early PTSD predicted subsequent PTSD, and perceived life threat was a predictor of PD. Furthermore, lack of perceived social support was a predictor of PTSD symptoms at T3. In addition, low perceived self-efficacy was a predictor of PTSD and influenced perceived social support at T1. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that experience of non-domestic violence may cause serious chronic emotional problems, and therefore it is important to be aware of early symptoms indicating needs for special follow-ups.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0933-7954",
doi="10.1007/s00127-007-0205-0",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-007-0205-0"
}