@article{ref1,
title="Continuous opioid monitoring along with nerve agents on a wearable microneedle sensor array",
journal="Journal of the American Chemical Society",
year="2020",
author="Mishra, Rupesh K. and Goud, K. Yugender and Li, Zhanhong and Moonla, Chochanon and Mohamed, Mona A. and Tehrani, Farshad and Teymourian, Hazhir and Wang, Joseph",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="There are urgent needs for sensing devices capable of distinguishing between episodes of opioid overdose and nerve agent poisoning. This work presents a wearable microneedle sensor array for minimally invasive continuous electrochemical detection of opioid (OPi) and organophosphate (OP) nerve agents on a single patch platform. The new multimodal microneedle sensor array relies on unmodified and organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) enzyme-modified carbon paste (CP) microneedle electrodes for square wave voltammetric (SWV) detection of the fentanyl and nerve agent targets, respectively. Such real-time simultaneous sensing provides distinct unique information, along with attractive analytical performance, including high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, for real-time on-body OPi-OP analysis. The patch represents the first sensing device capable of continuously monitoring fentanyl down to the nanomolar level through a nanomaterial-based multilayered surface architecture. Applicability of the sensor array toward opioids screening is demonstrated for morphine and norfentanyl. Successful OPi-OP detection conducted in a skin-mimicking phantom gel demonstrates the suitability of the device for rapid on-body sensing. Such progress toward continuous minimally invasive transdermal analysis of drugs of abuse and nerve agents holds promise for rapid countermeasures for protecting soldiers, civilians, and healthcare personnel.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0002-7863",
doi="10.1021/jacs.0c01883",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c01883"
}