@article{ref1,
title="The impact of suspension on participation in school-based extracurricular activities and out-of-school community service",
journal="Social science research",
year="2020",
author="Umeh, Zimife and Bumpus, John P. and Harris, Angel L.",
volume="85",
number="",
pages="e102354-e102354",
abstract="In recent decades, school suspensions have increased dramatically in the United States. To date, researchers have assessed the consequences of suspensions on adolescents' academic achievement, self-esteem, and psychological well-being. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between school discipline and youths' engagement on in-school and out-of-school activities. In this study, we investigate the relationship between suspension (i.e., in-school suspension, out-of-school suspension, or both) and youth participation in extracurricular activities, both in-school and outside of school, using data from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002. <br><br>RESULTS suggest students who are suspended are less likely to participate in school clubs (e.g., student government, yearbook, band/choir), and are also less likely to participate in volunteer work/community service. This suggests the impact of school discipline extends beyond the schooling context. These results provide insight into how suspensions may function as a 'pushout' mechanism for youth by compromising their attachment to school.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0049-089X",
doi="10.1016/j.ssresearch.2019.102354",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2019.102354"
}