@article{ref1,
title="Measuring exposure to bullying and harassment in health professional students in a clinical workplace environment: evaluating the psychometric properties of the clinical workplace learning NAQ-R scale",
journal="Medical teacher",
year="2020",
author="Smith-Han, Kelby and Collins, Emma and Asil, Mustafa and Blakey, Althea Gamble and Anderson, Lynley and Berryman, Elizabeth and Wilkinson, Tim J.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="<b>Background:</b> Instruments that measure exposure to bullying and harassment of students learning in a clinical workplace environment (CWE) that contain validity evidence are scarce. The aim of this study was to develop such a measure and provide some validity evidence for its use.<b>Method:</b> We took an instrument for detecting bullying of employees in the workplace, called the Negative Acts Questionnaire - Revised (NAQ-R). Items on the NAQ-R were adapted to align with our context of health professional students <i>learning</i> in a CWE and added two new factors of sexual and ethnic harassment. This new instrument, named the Clinical Workplace Learning NAQ-R, was distributed to 540 medical and nursing undergraduate students and we undertook a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to investigate its construct validity and factorial structure.<b>Results:</b> The results provided support for the construct validity and factorial structure of the new scale comprising five factors: workplace learning-related bullying (WLRB), person-related bullying (PRB), physically intimidating bullying (PIB), sexual harassment (SH), and ethnic harassment (EH). The reliability estimates for all factors ranged from 0.79 to 0.94.<b>Conclusion:</b> This study provides a tool to measure the exposure to bullying and harassment in health professional students learning in a CWE.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0142-159X",
doi="10.1080/0142159X.2020.1746249",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2020.1746249"
}