@article{ref1,
title="Risky decision-making in individuals with substance use disorder: a meta-analysis and meta-regression review",
journal="Psychopharmacology",
year="2020",
author="Chen, Shujuan and Yang, Pingyuan and Chen, Tianzhen and Su, Hang and Jiang, Haifeng and Zhao, Min",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND: This review aims to identify whether risky decision-making is increased in substance users, and the impact of substance type, polysubstance use status, abstinence period, and treatment status on risky decision-making. <br><br>METHODS: A literature search with no date restrictions was conducted to identify case-control studies or cross-sectional studies that used behavioral tasks to measure risky decision-making in substance users. A random-effects model was performed. GRADE criteria was used to assess the quality of evidence. <br><br>RESULTS: 52 studies were enrolled. The result showed that the difference in risky decision-making performance between user groups and control groups was significant (SMD = - 0.590; 95%CI = - 0.849 to - 0.330; p < 0.001; I<sup>2</sup> = 93.4%; P<sub>heterogeneity</sub> < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that users in the subgroups of alcohol (p < 0.001), tobacco (p < 0.01), cocaine (p < 0.001), opioid (p < 0.001), mixed group (p < 0.01), adult users (p < 0.001), small sample size (p < 0.001), large sample size (p < 0.01), low education (p < 0.001), high education (p < 0.001), short-abstinence period (p < 0.001), long-abstinence period (p < 0.001), without current polysubstance dependence (p < 0.001), and with treatment (p < 0.001) had increased risky decision-making when compared to the controls. On the other hand, elderly substance users with short-abstinence period showed increased risky decision-making. Moreover, current treatment status and polysubstance use may not influence the level of decision-making in substance users. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: The results show that substance use is associated with impaired risky decision-making, indicating that interventions targeting risky decision-making in substance users should be developed for relapse prevention and rehabilitation.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0033-3158",
doi="10.1007/s00213-020-05506-y",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-020-05506-y"
}