@article{ref1,
title="Hormonal contraceptives and the risk of suicide: a systematic review and meta-analysis",
journal="European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology",
year="2020",
author="Pérez-López, Faustino R. and Pérez-Roncero, Gonzalo R. and López-Baena, María T. and Santabárbara, Javier and Chedraui, Peter",
volume="251",
number="",
pages="28-35",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of hormonal contraceptive use over the risk of suicide.   METHOD: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies retrieved from five search engines until September 2019, comparing the use of any hormonal contraceptive versus non-hormonal contraceptive use or no use. Primary outcome was consumed suicide, and secondary outcomes were suicidal attempt and ideation. Random effects meta-analyses with the inverse variance method were used to evaluate the effects of exposure over outcomes. Effect was calculated as risk ratio (RR) with their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Otawa Scale.   RESULTS: There were no randomized controlled trials concerning suicide and hormonal contraceptive use. Only three cohort studies (n = 184,721 women), that evaluated the primary outcome (consumed suicide), were included in the meta-analysis. Hormonal contraceptive use was associated to a higher risk of consumed suicide (RR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.75, P =  0.015, I2 = 0%). There were no secondary outcomes in at least two cohorts.   CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis found a positive association between hormonal contraceptive use and consumed suicides. Prior to their use, populations at suicidal risk should be properly evaluated.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0301-2115",
doi="10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.053",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.053"
}