@article{ref1,
title="Assessing the visibility of raised pavement markers and alternative forms of delineation",
journal="Transport",
year="2020",
author="Bullough, John D. and Liu, Xiang",
volume="35",
number="1",
pages="98-107",
abstract="Raised Pavement Markers (RPMs) are used by a number of transportation agencies with the objective of improving roadway safety, especially in complex roadway geometries and along wet roads. Because of maintenance and cost issues, many transportation agencies are exploring alternatives to RPMs such as wet reflective pavement tape and barrier-mounted reflective delineators. In order to assess the relative potential of these devices to contribute to nighttime driving safety, the luminances of new and used RPM samples from different manufacturers and having different colors and of several alternative delineation devices were measured in the laboratory using a range of geometric conditions relevant to the driving task. From these data, Luminances under representative low-beam headlight illumination were determined and these quantities were used to estimate driver visual performance. Large variations in luminance yielded relatively small differences in visual performance for a viewing distance of 100 m, primarily because of the plateau characteristic of visual performance. Differences in threshold visibility distances were greater, with distances at identification threshold for the devices measured ranging approximately from 150 to 400 m. Used RPMs had luminances 20…30% lower than new RPMs but similar visibility characteristics as new devices. The analysis method in this study may be useful for practitioners seeking to characterize the visual effectiveness of RPMs and other roadway delineation devices and systems.  													Keyword :  																											visual performance,  																			pavement markings,  																			roadway delineators,  																			visibility distance,  																			retroreflectivity 																								 						 													 								How to Cite 								 									 										   Bullough, J. D., & Liu, X. (2020). Assessing the visibility of raised pavement markers and alternative forms of delineation. Transport, 35(1), 98-107. https://doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12072  									 									 										 											More Citation Formats 											 										 										 																							 													 														ACM 													 												 																							 													 														ACS 													 												 																							 													 														APA 													 												 																							 													 														ABNT 													 												 																							 													 														Chicago 													 												 																							 													 														Harvard 													 												 																							 													 														IEEE 													 												 																							 													 														MLA 													 												 																							 													 														Turabian 													 												 																							 													 														Vancouver<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1648-4142",
doi="10.3846/transport.2020.12072",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12072"
}