@article{ref1,
title="Factors associated with planned avoidance of alcohol-impaired driving in high-risk men",
journal="Journal of studies on alcohol",
year="1999",
author="Isaac, N. E. and Graham, J. D. and Kennedy, Bruce P. and Nelson, Toben F.",
volume="60",
number="3",
pages="407-412",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: This study examines the factors associated with planning to avoid alcohol-impaired driving and successful avoidance in high-risk young men. METHOD: A targeted telephone survey was conducted with male drivers aged 21-35 years who consume alcohol and live in areas of the country where alcohol-related traffic fatalities occur frequently (N = 750). Heavy episodic drinking drivers (i.e., report driving after consuming five or more drinks) were oversampled (N = 230). Respondents were surveyed to assess their attitudes, behavior and social support regarding drinking-driving. RESULTS: Multiple logistic regression revealed that men who believe they can consume six drinks or more before it is too dangerous for them to drive were 45% less likely to report planning to avoid drinking-driving. Men who believe they can drive safely after heavy episodic drinking were 61% less likely to be successful in avoiding drinking-driving. Having friends who disapprove of driving after heavy episodic drinking and believing a close friend would be successful in preventing drinking-driving were significantly associated with making plans to avoid drinking-driving, although this association was less strong for successful avoidance. Men who had their wife/girlfriend along when they were out drinking were two and one-half times more likely to make plans to avoid drinking-driving. The presence of a wife or girlfriend was an even stronger predictor (multivariate odds ratio = 3.74) of successful avoidance. CONCLUSIONS: Attitude and social factors are associated with drinking-driving avoidance in a group of young men at risk for alcohol-related driving fatalities. Friends and wives/girlfriends appear to influence drinking-driving avoidance behavior in high-risk drinking drivers.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0096-882X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}