@article{ref1,
title="When does terror induce a state of emergency? And what are the effects?",
journal="Journal of conflict resolution",
year="2020",
author="Bjørnskov, Christian and Voigt, Stefan",
volume="64",
number="4",
pages="579-613",
abstract="The relationship between terrorist activities and states of emergency has never been explored in a cross-country perspective. This article is a first step to change that. Given that a terror act has been committed, what are the factors that lead governments to declare a state of emergency (SOE)--or refrain from declaring it? And given that a SOE has been declared, what are the effects thereof? On the basis of seventy-nine countries all having Western-style constitutions, we find that more terrorist incidents increase the likelihood of a SOE. Interestingly, emergencies are less likely to be declared in election years, supposedly because governments believe them to be unpopular. Once a SOE is declared, it generally leads to substantially more government repression. Finally, countries already under a SOE are more likely to suffer from additional terror attacks, challenging the effectiveness of states of emergency.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0022-0027",
doi="10.1177/0022002719865994",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002719865994"
}