@article{ref1,
title="Road injuries associated with cell phone use while walking or riding a bike or an e-bike: a case-crossover study",
journal="American journal of epidemiology",
year="2020",
author="Ren, Jun and Chen, Yue and Li, Fenfen and Xue, Cheng and Yin, Xiaoya and Peng, Juanjuan and Liang, Ji and Feng, Qiming and Wang, Shumei",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Vulnerable road users (pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists) account for an increasing proportion of traffic injuries. We used a case-crossover design to examine the association between cell phone usage and traffic injuries of pedestrians, cyclists, and electric bicycle riders during their journey. We studied 643 pedestrians, bike riders or electric bike riders aged between 10 and 35 years who were involved in a road injury, visited the emergency department in one of the three hospitals in Shanghai, China, in 2019, and were cell phone owners. Half of the participants (n = 323, 50.2%) used a cell phone within 1 minute before the injury happened. Pedestrian's or rider's use of a mobile phone up to 1 minutes before a road injury was associated with a threefold increase in the likelihood of injury (odds ratio 3.00, 95% confidence interval: 2.04, 4.42, P < 0.001), which was consistent across the groups of sex, occupation, travel reason, modes of transportation, and location of injury. Cell phone use when walking or riding was associated with an increased risk of road injury. Measures should be taken to make people aware of this detrimental impact on the risk of road injury.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0002-9262",
doi="10.1093/aje/kwaa164",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwaa164"
}