@article{ref1,
title="Effects of gesture-based interaction on driving behavior: a driving simulator study using the projection-based vehicle-in-the-loop",
journal="Human factors",
year="2020",
author="Graichen, Lisa and Graichen, Matthias and Krems, Josef F.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: We observe the driving performance effects of gesture-based interaction (GBI) versus touch-based interaction (TBI) for in-vehicle information systems (IVISs).   BACKGROUND: As a contributing factor to a number of traffic accidents, driver distraction is a significant problem for traffic safety. More specifically, visual distraction has a strong negative impact on driving performance and risk perception. Thus, the implementation of new interaction systems that use midair gestures to encourage glance-free interactions could reduce visual distraction among drivers.   METHODS: In this experiment, participants drove a projection-based Vehicle-in-the-Loop. The projection-based technology combines a visual simulation with kinesthetic, vestibular, and auditory feedback from a car on a test track. While driving, participants used GBI or TBI to perform IVIS tasks. To investigate driving behavior related to critical driving situations and car-following maneuvers, vehicle data based upon longitudinal and lateral driving were collected.   RESULTS: Participants reacted faster to critical driving situations when using GBI compared to TBI. For drivers using TBI, steering performance decreased and time headway to a preceding vehicle was higher.   CONCLUSION: Gestures provide a safe alternative to in-vehicle interactions. Moreover, GBI has fewer effects on driver distraction than TBI.   APPLICATION: Potential applications of this research include all in-vehicle interaction systems used by drivers.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0018-7208",
doi="10.1177/0018720820943284",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720820943284"
}