@article{ref1,
title="Impacts of a cash plus intervention on gender attitudes among Tanzanian adolescents",
journal="Journal of Adolescent Health",
year="2020",
author="Chzhen, Yekaterina and Prencipe, Leah and Eetaama, Frank and Luchemba, Paul and Lukongo, Tumpe Mnyawami and Palermo, Tia and Tanzania Adolescent Cash Plus Evaluation Team, ",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="PURPOSE: Inequitable attitudes toward men's and women's roles, rights, and responsibilities are associated with poor health-related outcomes, particularly for girls and women. Yet, we know relatively little about what interventions work to improve gender-equitable attitudes among adolescents in low-income countries. This study examines the impact of a government-implemented &quot;cash plus&quot; intervention on gender-equitable attitudes among adolescents in Tanzania. The intervention includes discussions and activities related to gender norms, embedded in broader life skills, livelihoods, and health training.   METHODS: The study utilizes a cluster randomized design, using data from 1,933 males and females aged 14-19 years at baseline who took part in the baseline (2017), midline (2018), and endline (2019) surveys. Gender attitudes were measured using 24 items from the Gender-Equitable Men (GEM) Scale. We estimate intent-to-treat impacts on the GEM scale and four subscales (violence, sexual relationships, reproductive health, and domestic chores).   RESULTS: The &quot;cash plus&quot; intervention had a significant impact on the overall GEM scale at midline. The intervention increased gender-equitable attitudes on the domestic chores subscale at both midline and endline. The intervention improved gender-equitable attitudes among males on the overall GEM scale and three subscales at midline and on two subscales at endline, but it had no impacts among females.   CONCLUSIONS: Gender transformative social protection is currently being advocated as a way to address the gendered nature of poverty and its consequences. Initiatives such as the one studied here, which address the multifaceted drivers of gender inequities, could be a promising way forward.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1054-139X",
doi="10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.07.025",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.07.025"
}