@article{ref1,
title="Can child drowning be eradicated? A compelling case for continued investment in prevention",
journal="Acta paediatrica",
year="2020",
author="Peden, Amy Elizabeth and Franklin, Richard Charles and Clemens, Tessa",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="Aim To explore temporal trends in fatal child drowning and benchmark progress across three high-income countries to provide prevention and future investment recommendations. <br><br>METHODS A total population analysis of unintentional fatal drownings among 0- to 19-year-olds in Australia, Canada and New Zealand from 2005 to 2014 was undertaken. Univariate and chi-square analyses were conducted, age- and sex-specific crude rates calculated and linear trends explored. <br><br>RESULTS A total of 1454 children drowned. Rates ranged from 0.92 (Canada) to 1.35 (New Zealand) per 100 000. Linear trends of crude drowning rates show both Australia (y = −0.041) and Canada (y = −0.048) reduced, with New Zealand (y = 0.005) reporting a slight rise, driven by increased drowning among females aged 15-19 years (+200.4%). Reductions of 48.8% in Australia, 51.1% in Canada and 30.4% in New Zealand were seen in drowning rates of 0- to 4-year-olds. First Nations children drowned in significantly higher proportions in New Zealand (X2 = 31.7; P <.001). <br><br>CONCLUSION Continual investment in drowning prevention, particularly among 0- to 4-year-olds, is contributing to a reduction in drowning deaths; however, greater attention is needed on adolescents (particularly females) and First Nation's children. Lessons can be learned from each country's approach; however, further investment and evolution of prevention strategies will be needed to fully eradicate child drowning deaths.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0803-5253",
doi="10.1111/apa.15618",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.15618"
}