@article{ref1,
title="E-scooter safety: the riding risk analysis based on mobile sensing data",
journal="Accident analysis and prevention",
year="2020",
author="Ma, Qingyu and Yang, Hong and Mayhue, Alan and Sun, Yunlong and Huang, Zhitong and Ma, Yifang",
volume="151",
number="",
pages="e105954-e105954",
abstract="The emergence of shared electric scooter (E-Scooter) systems offers a new  micro-mobility mode in many urban areas worldwide. These systems have rapidly  attracted numerous trips on various types of facilities such as sidewalks and bike  lanes. After their burst of popularity, there are also growing safety concerns about  E-Scooter riding. Consequently, a few cities have banned or temporarily suspended  E-Scooters as severe crashes occurred. As an emerging micro-mobility mode, its  safety performance is significantly understudied as compared to other travel modes  such as cars and bicycles. The lack of crash records further prevents it from  understanding the underlying mechanisms that drive the occurrences of E-Scooter  crashes. The overarching goal of this paper is to probe the safety risk when riding  E-Scooters. Specifically, it aims to study the interactions between e-scooter riding  and the environment settings through naturalistic riding experiments. Rather than  focusing on the analysis of individual riders' heterogeneous behavior (e.g.,  swinging, hard braking, etc.) and rider characteristics (e.g., age, gender, etc.),  the naturalistic riding study examines the riding process in different riding  circumstances. A mobile sensing system has been developed to collect data for  quantifying the surrogate safety metrics in terms of experienced vibrations, speed  changes, and proximity to surrounding objects. The results from naturalistic riding  experiments show that E-Scooters can experience notable impacts from different  riding facilities. Specifically, compared to bicycle riding, more severe vibration  events were associated with E-Scooter riding, regardless of the pavement types. Riding on concrete pavements was found to experience a multiple times higher  frequency of vibration events when compared to riding on asphalt pavements of the  same length. Riding on both sidewalks and vehicle lanes can both encounter  high-frequency close contacts in terms of proximity with other objects. These  experimental results suggest that E-Scooters are subject to increased safety  challenges due to the increased vibrations, speed variations, and constrained riding  environments.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0001-4575",
doi="10.1016/j.aap.2020.105954",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2020.105954"
}