@article{ref1,
title="Progressive resistance training for improving health-related outcomes in people at  risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled  trials",
journal="Physical therapy",
year="2020",
author="Ponzano, Matteo and Rodrigues, Isabel B. and Hosseini, Zeinab and Ashe, Maureen C. and Butt, Debra A. and Chilibeck, Philip D. and Stapleton, Jackie and Thabane, Lehana and Wark, John D. and Giangregorio, Lora M.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Osteoporosis clinical practice guidelines recommend exercise to prevent  fractures, but the efficacy of exercise depends on the exercise types, the  population studied, or the outcomes of interest. The purpose of this systematic  review was to assess the effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) on  health-related outcomes in people at risk of fracture. <br><br>METHODS: Multiple databases  were searched to October 2019. Eligible articles were randomized controlled trials  (RCTs) of PRT interventions in men and women ≥50 years with low bone mineral density  (BMD) or fracture history. Descriptive information and mean difference (MD) and  standard deviation (SD) were directly extracted for included trials. Fifty-three  studies were included. <br><br>RESULTS: PRT does not increase the total number of falls  (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.05; 95% CI = 0.91 to 1.21; 7 studies), whereas the  effects on risk of falls are uncertain (relative risk [RR] = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.00 to  1.51; 5 studies). PRT improved performance on the Timed &quot;Up and Go&quot; test  (MD = -0.89 seconds; 95%CI = -1.01 to -0.78; 13 studies) and health-related quality  of life (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.32; 95%CI = 0.22 to 0.42; 20  studies). PRT may increase femoral neck (MD = 0.02 g/cm2; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.03; 521  participants, 5 studies) but not lumbar spine BMD (MD = 0.02 g/cm2; 95%CI = -0.01 to  0.05; 4 studies), whereas the effects on total hip BMD are uncertain  (MD = 0.00 g/cm2; 95% CI = 0.00 to 0.01; 435 participants, 4 studies). PRT reduced  pain (SMD = -0.26; 95%CI = -0.37 to -0.16; 17 studies). Sensitivity analyses  including PRT-only studies confirmed these findings. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Individuals at risk  of fractures should be encouraged to perform PRT, as it may improve femoral neck  BMD, health-related quality of life, and physical functioning. PRT also reduced  pain; however, whether PRT increases or decreases the risk of falls, the number of  people experiencing a fall, or the risk of fall-related injuries is uncertain.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0031-9023",
doi="10.1093/ptj/pzaa221",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzaa221"
}