@article{ref1,
title="Examining associations between licensed and unlicensed outlet density and cannabis outcomes from preopening to postopening of recreational cannabis outlets",
journal="American journal on addictions",
year="2020",
author="Pedersen, Eric R. and Firth, Caislin L. and Rodriguez, Anthony and Shih, Regina A. and Seelam, Rachana and Kraus, Lisa and Dunbar, Michael S. and Tucker, Joan S. and Kilmer, Beau and D'Amico, Elizabeth J.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To expand on epidemiologic studies examining associations between the legalization of recreational cannabis and use among young adults, we  examined the associations between licensed and unlicensed cannabis outlet density  and cannabis outcomes. <br><br>METHODS: A total of 1097 young adults aged 21 and older  living in Los Angeles County were surveyed before licensed recreational cannabis  outlets opened (Time 1: July to December 2017) and after (Time 2: July 2018 to June  2019). Using a database of open licensed and unlicensed cannabis retailers to  calculate individual-level cannabis outlet density measures, we examined  associations between outlet density within a 4-mile radius of participants'  residences with Time 2 outcomes of any past-month use, daily use, intentions to use,  quantity used, consequences, and cannabis use disorder (CUD) symptoms. <br><br>RESULTS:  After controlling for demographic factors and cannabis outcomes at a time point  prior to their opening (Time 1), licensed cannabis outlets were associated with  young adults' cannabis use, heavy use, and intentions, and unlicensed outlets were  associated with young adults' heavy cannabis use and CUD symptoms. <br><br>CONCLUSION AND  SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: This study expands beyond studies of outlet prevalence to  find that, after controlling for outcomes 1 year prior, licensed and unlicensed  outlets were associated with young adults' cannabis outcomes. The current study is  among the first to find associations between cannabis use outcomes and density of  cannabis outlets among young adults using data from two time points: preopening and  postopening of recreational cannabis retailers. <br><br>FINDINGS can inform policies around  the density and placement of cannabis outlets. (Am J Addict 2020;00:00-00).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1055-0496",
doi="10.1111/ajad.13132",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajad.13132"
}