@article{ref1,
title="Measuring forgiveness: psychometric properties of the Heartland Forgiveness Scale in the Spanish population",
journal="International journal of environmental research and public health",
year="2021",
author="Gallo-Giunzioni, Karla and Prieto-Ursúa, María and Fernández-Belinchón, Cristina and Luque-Reca, Octavio",
volume="18",
number="1",
pages="e45-e45",
abstract="Given the scarcity of instruments in Spanish to measure forgiveness, two studies were conducted in this population to obtain validity evidence of the Heartland  Forgiveness Scale (HFS), an instrument that measures dispositional forgiveness of  self, others, and situations. In the first study, 203 students (65% women)  participated. After ensuring the linguistic adequacy and clarity of the wording of  the items, a lack of congruence was found between the factors obtained in the  exploratory factor analysis and the original theoretical structure of the HFS. A  sample of 512 participants (63.9% women) attended the second study. This study aimed  to analyze the construct validity of the HFS using confirmatory factor analysis  through structural equation modelling and to explore convergent, discriminant, and  criterion validity. Of the different factorial configurations tested (including the  original), only a scale reduction to eight items, grouped into three factors, showed  an appropriate fit. The HFS eight-item version also showed acceptable internal  consistency, adequate convergent and discriminant validity, and criterion validity  with respect to related variables. These findings suggest that the eight-item  version of the HFS may be a valid and reliable tool for assessing forgiveness for  self, others, and situations in Spanish adults.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1661-7827",
doi="10.3390/ijerph18010045",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010045"
}