@article{ref1,
title="Does husband's alcohol consumption increase the risk of domestic violence during the pregnancy and postpartum periods in Nepalese women?",
journal="BMC public health",
year="2021",
author="Rajbhandari, Ishwari and Assanangkornchai, Sawitri and Bhatta, Narayan",
volume="21",
number="1",
pages="e5-e5",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Domestic violence against women during pregnancy and the postpartum period not only violates the human rights of women but also harms on the health of  both mother and child. Domestic violence is entrenching in social norms, customs and  structural factors against women in Nepal. The use of alcohol also exacerbates  domestic violence. The objective of this study was to determine the association  between domestic violence against women and husband's drinking behavior across the  periods of pregnancy and postpartum. <br><br>METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional study  conducted in the antenatal care and postnatal care clinics of a government hospital  in Kathmandu district. Among 660 women (aged 15-49), 165 women were consecutively  recruited from each trimester of pregnancy and the postpartum period. Adjusted odds  ratios (AOR) were computed from a multivariate logistic regression model to  determine the association between domestic violence against women and the husband's  drinking behavior. <br><br>RESULTS: Women whose husbands drank alcohol were twice as likely  to suffer from domestic violence, compared to those women whose husbands did not  drink (AOR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.4-3.2), independently of their socio-demographic  status. Women suffered from domestic violence in each period of pregnancy and  postpartum due to their husband's drinking habits, but the most affected period was  the second trimester of pregnancy. Among women who suffered from physical,  psychological and sexual violence during the pregnancy and postpartum periods, 70.2,  67.9, and 64.2% respectively experienced violence due to their husband's drinking  habit. Other associated factors for domestic violence included the ethnic culture of  Janjati ethnicity, illiteracy of the women, duration of marriage 2-5 years (compared  to one year or less) and a husband who behaved in a controlling manner. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS:  Having a husband who has alcohol drinking behavior is an important risk factor for  domestic violence against women in the pregnancy and postpartum periods. Screening  of alcohol use in husbands will not prevent domestic violence but could lead to a  referral to integrated treatment for alcohol and domestic violence treatment.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1471-2458",
doi="10.1186/s12889-020-10021-y",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-10021-y"
}