@article{ref1,
title="Orbital bone fractures in a central London trauma center: a retrospective study of 582 patients",
journal="Journal of cranialfacial surgery",
year="2021",
author="Holmes, Simon and Bhatti, Nabeel and Hughes, Declan and Moffatt, Joanna",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="The aim of the present study was to evaluate the injury patterns and etiology of orbital bone fractures treated at a busy level one trauma center.Between 2015 and  2019, patients with orbital bone fractures from the Department of Oral and  Maxillofacial Surgery at the Royal London Hospital, were evaluated in a  retrospective analysis. A pro-forma was used to collect data from electronic patient  records. Parameters included age, gender, maxillofacial fracture, mechanism of  injury, and length of hospital admission.Of 582 patients, 82% (n = 476) were male  and 18% (n = 106) were female, with those in the age group 20 to 29 years most  affected (36%; n = 212). The most common etiology was interpersonal violence (55%;  n = 320), followed by falls (20%; n = 118) and road traffic accidents (12%, n = 68). The most common isolated orbital bone fracture site was the orbital floor (40%;  n = 234). Of the impure orbital fractures, the zygoma was the most commonly involved  structure adjacent to the orbit (19%, n = 110).In our department, the authors see  high numbers of complex orbital bone requiring surgical treatment. Interpersonal  violence is a significant cause of orbital bone fractures with young males most  affected. This study provides an insight into the current trends in etiology,  demographics, and clinical findings of orbital fractures that will help guide  prevention and treatment strategies.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1049-2275",
doi="10.1097/SCS.0000000000007384",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000007384"
}