@article{ref1,
title="Serum human epididymal protein 4 is associated with depressive symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease",
journal="International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease",
year="2020",
author="Shu, Yan and Wang, Wei",
volume="15",
number="",
pages="3417-3422",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a higher incidence of depression and an increased risk  of developing various depression-related complications. We aimed to elucidate the  association between the serum human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) level and depressive  symptoms in patients with COPD. <br><br>METHODS: The data on 219 participants with COPD from  The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) were analyzed for the association  between serum HE4 levels and depressive symptoms, accounting for relevant  confounding factors. All the COPD participants were prospectively followed up for a  median period of 48 months. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to evaluate  the predictive value of serum HE4 for predicting depression events in these COPD  patients. <br><br>RESULTS: Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that serum HE4  was independently associated with the depression score after adjusting for age, sex,  BMI, current smoking status, current drinking status, admission systolic and  diastolic BP, CVD history and laboratory measurements in patients with COPD at  baseline (Sβ= 0.149; 95% CI, 0.069-0.201; P<0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional  hazards analysis revealed that serum HE4 (HR=2.216, 95% CI 1.691-5.109, P<0.001) was  an independent prognostic factor for depression events in these COPD patients. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Our results showed that serum HE4 is significantly and independently  associated with depression events. Serum HE4 may enable the early recognition of  depressive symptoms among COPD patients.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1176-9106",
doi="10.2147/COPD.S282214",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S282214"
}