@article{ref1,
title="Assessment of prescription opioid medical use and misuse among parents and their adolescent offspring in the US",
journal="JAMA network open",
year="2021",
author="Kandel, Denise B. and Wall, Melanie M. and Hu, Mei-Chen and Griesler, Pamela C.",
volume="4",
number="1",
pages="e2031073-e2031073",
abstract="IMPORTANCE: Limited information is available regarding the association between parental and adolescent medical prescription opioid use and misuse in the US. <br><br>OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between parental and adolescent prescription  opioid medical use and misuse. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This  cross-sectional, nationally representative study included 15 200 parent-adolescent  dyads from the annual 2015-2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Data were  collected from January 6, 2015, to December 20, 2017, and analyzed from October 4,  2019, to October 15, 2020. EXPOSURES: Parental past 12-month exclusive medical  prescription opioid use and any misuse (ie, using without a prescription or in any  way not directed by a physician). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Adolescent past  12-month medical prescription opioid use or misuse. Multivariable regressions  estimated associations between parental and offspring medical prescription opioid  use or misuse, controlling for sociodemographic and psychosocial variables. <br><br>RESULTS:  Respondents included 9400 mother-child and 5800 father-child dyads in the same  household; children were aged 12 to 17 years (52.8% male; mean [SD] age, 14.5 [1.7]  years). Controlling for other factors, parental medical prescription opioid use was  associated with adolescent prescription opioid medical use (adjusted odds ratio  [aOR], 1.28; 95% CI, 1.06-1.53) and misuse (aOR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.07-2.25), whereas  parental misuse was not. Parental medical prescription stimulant use was associated  with adolescent medical prescription opioid use (aOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.02-1.91). Parental marijuana use (aOR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.13-2.99), parent-adolescent conflict  (aOR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05-1.52), and adolescent depression (aOR, 1.75; 95% CI,  1.26-2.44) were associated with adolescent prescription opioid misuse. Adolescent  delinquency (aOR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.38-1.74) and perceived schoolmates' drug use (aOR,  2.87; 95% CI, 1.95-4.23) were also associated with adolescent misuse and more weakly  with medical use (aORs, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.05-1.22] and 1.61 [95% CI, 1.32-1.96],  respectively). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Youth use of prescription opioids is in  part a structural/environmental issue. The findings of this study suggest that  parental medical prescription opioid use is associated with offspring prescription  opioid use, whereas parental misuse is not. Restricting physicians' opioid  prescribing to parents is a crucial public health goal. In addition, parents could  be educated on the risks of their prescription opioid use for offspring and on  practices to mitigate risk, including safe medication storage and disposal. Screening for parental prescription opioid use could be part of pediatric practice. Addressing adolescent mental health could also reduce adolescent prescription opioid  misuse.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2574-3805",
doi="10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.31073",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.31073"
}