@article{ref1,
title="Adverse childhood experiences and health among indigenous persons experiencing homelessness",
journal="BMC public health",
year="2021",
author="Crowshoe, Lyndon and Henderson, Rita I. and Milaney, Katrina and Smith, Eric",
volume="21",
number="1",
pages="e85-e85",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Current literature has established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with the onset of a variety of physical, mental, and  behavioural illnesses. However, there are few studies that have thoroughly examined  this association in low-income or marginalized groups. <br><br>METHODS: To address this  knowledge gap, this study used self-reported data on childhood experiences and adult  health outcomes in a sample of 91 Indigenous persons experiencing homelessness. While the primary focus of the study was to assess the relationship between ACEs and  health status, we also assessed reports on use and perceptions of health care  services to test for potential illness-mitigating factors. <br><br>RESULTS: Results  indicated that reported number of ACEs was significantly associated with reported  levels of mental illness (p <.001, d = 1.12). Significant associations were not  observed for physical illness or patterns of substance use. We also found that the  number of reported ACEs was significantly correlated with the number of formal  health care services that an individual used (r = 0.32). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Our results  reveal that the relationship between ACEs and adult illness is not as deterministic  as the current literature suggests. Access to formal health care services may allow  individuals to mitigate their adverse health, thereby eliminating some of the  effects of ACEs. Conversely, current tools used to measure ACEs may not translate to  an Indigenous population, which speaks to a need to revise ACE related surveys to  include additional adversity categories.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1471-2458",
doi="10.1186/s12889-020-10091-y",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-10091-y"
}