@article{ref1,
title="Violence by persons with serious mental illness toward family caregivers and other relatives: a review",
journal="Harvard review of psychiatry",
year="2021",
author="Dixon, Lisa and Nossel, Ilana and Zingman, Michael A. and Labrum, Travis",
volume="29",
number="1",
pages="10-19",
abstract="Persons living with serious mental illness (SMI) are at a modestly increased risk of committing violence and are disproportionately likely to target family members when  they do commit violence. In this article, we review available evidence regarding  violence by persons with SMI toward family members, many of whom are caregivers. Evidence suggests that a sizable minority of family members with high levels of  contact with persons with SMI have experienced violence, with most studies finding  rates of past year victimization to be 20% or higher. Notable risk factors for  family violence pertaining specifically to persons with SMI include substance use,  nonadherence to medications and mental health treatment, history of violent  behavior, and recent victimization. Notable risk factors pertaining specifically to  the relationships between persons with SMI and family members include persons with  SMI relying on family members for tangible and instrumental support, family members  setting limits, and the presence of criticism, hostility, and verbal aggression. As  described in qualitative studies, family members often perceive violence to be  connected to psychiatric symptoms and inadequate treatment experiences. We argue  that promising strategies for preventing violence by persons with SMI toward family  members include (1) better engaging persons with SMI in treatment, through offering  more recovery-oriented care, (2) strengthening support services for persons with SMI  that could reduce reliance on family members, and (3) supporting the capabilities of  family members to prevent and manage family conflict. The available interventions  that may be effective in this context include McFarlane's Multifamily Group  intervention and the Family-to-Family educational program.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1067-3229",
doi="10.1097/HRP.0000000000000263",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000263"
}