@article{ref1,
title="Foster children's complex psychopathology in the context of cumulative childhood trauma: the interplay of ICD-11 complex PTSD, dissociation, depression, and emotion  regulation",
journal="Journal of affective disorders",
year="2020",
author="Lueger-Schuster, Brigitte and Sölva, Katharina and Knefel, Matthias and Haselgruber, Alexander",
volume="282",
number="",
pages="372-380",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Foster children experience maltreatment at exceptionally high rates with increased risk to develop ICD-11 complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). While rates of comorbidity between CPTSD and various disorders are high, the  interplay between constituent aspects of psychopathology is not clearly understood. No study used network analysis to model the interplay between these aspects as  potentially maintaining a stable condition of psychopathology, and research on the  etiology and maintenance of CPTSD in children is especially scarce. <br><br>METHODS:  Altogether, 208 Austrian foster children completed a set of standardized measures,  resulting in a final sample of N = 122 foster children meeting the inclusion  criteria. Experiences of childhood trauma, ICD-11 CPTSD, depression, dissociation,  adaptive, and maladaptive emotion regulation were assessed. Following an exploratory  approach, analyses were conducted using latent single indicator factor scores in two  network models. <br><br>RESULTS: Domains of CPTSD, PTSD and disturbances in  self-organization (DSO), evidenced as most central factors in children's complex  psychopathology. Including cumulative childhood trauma did not influence the  connectedness of factors in any relevant way. Shortest direct paths from cumulative  childhood trauma to CPTSD included dissociation (PTSD) and adaptive emotion  regulation (DSO) as mediating factors. LIMITATIONS: Results are based on a small  sample of highly-traumatized foster children, potentially limiting current findings'  generalizability. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: CPTSD identified as central in children's complex  psychopathology, while the role of childhood trauma seems stronger for the onset  than the maintenance of such psychopathology. The current network revealed central  disorders and distinct mediating factors as important targets for treatment  strategies and future research.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0327",
doi="10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.116",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.116"
}