@article{ref1,
title="Gender differences in the effect of depression and cognitive impairment on risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults",
journal="Journal of affective disorders",
year="2020",
author="Roh, Hyun Woong and Hong, Chang Hyung and Son, Sang Joon and Lee, Yunhwan and Lee, Dong Eun",
volume="282",
number="",
pages="504-510",
abstract="BACKGROUND: The impact of the interrelationship between depression and cognitive impairment on risk of falls remains unclear. In addition, gender differences should  be considered to further understand the relationships between depression, cognitive  impairment, and risk of falls. <br><br>METHODS: Older adults who completed the Living  Profiles of Older People Survey in Korea were included. In total, 14,055  participants completed the baseline survey, and 7,150 participants completed a  follow-up survey after 3 years. We classified participants into 4 groups based on  depression and cognitive impairment. <br><br>RESULTS: Using generalized estimating equation  models, older adults with depression but without cognitive impairment had a higher  risk of falls (OR=1.49, 95% CI=1.35-1.63), compared to a reference group with  neither depression nor cognitive impairment. However, older adults who had cognitive  impairment but not depression had a similar risk of falls (OR=1.03, 95%  CI=0.91-1.16) to the reference group. Finally, older adults who had both depression  and cognitive impairment had the highest risk of falls (OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.73-2.20)  compared to the reference group. In addition, depression seemed to have a bigger  effect on the risk of falls in men compared to women (p for interaction < 0.001). LIMITATIONS: These results should be interpreted with caution, considering the use  of screening tool for defining depression or cognitive impairment, and lack of  information on psychotropic medication use. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Depression alone or  depression combined with cognitive impairment was associated with higher risk of  falls in older adults. In addition, gender differences in the risk of falls was  noted.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0165-0327",
doi="10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.170",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.170"
}