@article{ref1,
title="Patterns of facial fractures in a major metropolitan level 1 trauma center: a 10-year experience",
journal="Laryngoscope",
year="2021",
author="Obayemi, Adetokunbo A. and Losenegger, Tasher and Spielman, Daniel B. and Long, Sallie and Kacker, Ashutosh and Reeve, Gwendolyn and Cosiano, Michael F. and Neuner, Romy and Sclafani, Anthony P. and Stewart, Michael G.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: To report characteristics and management of facial fractures in a major metropolitan center within the United States. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective  chart review. <br><br>METHODS: Retrospective review at a level 1 trauma academic medical  center of 3,946 facial fractures in 1,914 patients who presented from 2008 to 2017. Demographics, injury mechanism, associated injuries, and treatment information were  collected. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors  associated with management. <br><br>RESULTS: There were 1,280 males and 630 females with a  median age of 42 years. Orbital fractures were the most common (41.4%) followed by  maxilla fractures (21.9%). The most common mechanism was fall (43.6%). Surgical  management was recommended for 38% of patients. The odds of surgical management were  less for females (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.73). Patients over 70 years were  significantly less likely to undergo surgery compared to other age groups (OR  0.15-0.36, P < .001). The odds of surgical management were 1.69 times greater for  patients with more than three fractures than for a single fracture (95% CI  1.18-2.42) and 2.23 times greater for traffic injuries compared to injuries from  activities of daily living (95% CI 1.42-3.5). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This represents one of  the largest comprehensive databases of facial fractures. Our patients were most  frequently injured during activities of daily living, most commonly from falls. The  majority of patients were managed conservatively. Gender, age, fracture number, and  mechanism of injury were independently associated with the decision to treat  surgically. Our data are in stark contrast to that from other populations in which  assault or motor vehicle accidents predominate. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope,  2021.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0023-852X",
doi="10.1002/lary.29397",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.29397"
}