@article{ref1,
title="Effects of autonomic nervous system functioning and tornado exposure on long-term outcomes of aggressive children",
journal="Research on child and adolescent psychopathology",
year="2021",
author="Bui, Chuong and Powell, Nicole P. and McDonald, Kristina and Jarrett, Matthew and Glenn, Andrea and Vernberg, Eric and Lochman, John E. and Boxmeyer, Caroline L. and Abel, Madelaine and Qu, Lixin and Kassing, Francesca and Romero, Devon",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="This study examined whether pre-disaster indicators of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity moderated the relation between degree of disaster exposure  from an EF-4 tornado and changes in the externalizing and internalizing behavior  problems of children at-risk for aggression. Participants included 188 children in  4th-6th grades (65% male; 78% African American; ages 9-13) and their parents from  predominantly low-income households who were participating in a prevention study  when the tornado occurred in 2011. Fourth-grade children who exhibited elevated  levels of aggressive behavior were recruited in three annual cohorts. Parent-rated  externalizing and internalizing problems were assessed prior to the tornado (Wave 1;  W1), and at 4-12 months (W2), 16-24 months (W3), 42-28 months (W4) and 56-60 months  (W5) post-tornado. Children's pre-tornado Skin Conductance Level (SCL) reactivity  and Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) withdrawal were assessed at W1 using SCL and  RSA measured during resting baseline and during the first 5 min of the Iowa Gambling  Task (IGT). Children and parents reported their exposure to tornado-related trauma  and disruptions at Wave 3. Children displayed less reduction in externalizing  problems if there had been higher child- or parent-reported tornado exposure and  less RSA withdrawal, or if they had lower parent-reported TORTE and less SCL  reactivity or lower SCL baseline. Highlighting the importance of children's  pre-disaster arousal, higher levels of disaster exposure negatively affected  children's level of improvement in externalizing problems when children had less  vagal withdrawal, and when tornado exposure disrupted the protective effects of  higher SCL reactivity and higher SCL baseline.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2730-7166",
doi="10.1007/s10802-020-00753-1",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-020-00753-1"
}