@article{ref1,
title="Long-term psychosocial outcome following mild traumatic brain injury and minor stroke: a direct longitudinal comparison",
journal="Journal of neurology",
year="2021",
author="van Heugten, Caroline M. and Staals, Julie and Verberne, Daan P. J. and Pasmans, Raphaël and Barten, Dennis G. and Wijenberg, Melloney L. M. and Kroese, Mariëlle E. A. L. and Ponds, Rudolf W. H. M.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Research suggests comparable long-term psychosocial outcomes following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and minor stroke, but no direct  comparison has been made. This study aimed to directly compare psychosocial outcome  over time in persons with mTBI and minor stroke. <br><br>METHODS: In this multicenter,  prospective longitudinal cohort study, community-dwelling persons with mTBI  (n = 182) and minor stroke (n = 48) were assessed at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months  post-injury. Outcome measures included anxiety and depression symptoms (Hospital  Anxiety and Depression Scale-HADS), cognitive problems in daily life (Checklist for  Cognitive and Emotional Consequences of Stroke-CLCE-24) and quality of life  (EuroQol-5D-5L-EQ-5D-5L). Multilevel growth curve modeling, controlled for  demographic variables, was used to determine outcomes over time between groups. Proportions of persons reporting persistent psychosocial symptoms at 6 months  post-injury were compared using Pearson's Chi-squared tests. <br><br>RESULTS: Improvements  in outcomes were observed in the first 6 months and effects stabilized to 12 months  post-injury in both groups. Minor stroke cases reported significantly higher levels  of HADS anxiety and a significantly reduced increase in EQ-5D-5L utility scores than  mTBI cases, but differences were small in absolute numbers. No significant  differences were observed between groups regarding HADS depression and CLCE-24  cognition scores. Proportions of persons reporting persistent psychosocial symptoms  were equal between groups. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Psychosocial outcome is largely comparable  following mTBI and minor stroke. Specific attention should be paid to anxiety  symptoms and cognitive problems in daily life for which uniform aftercare seems  appropriate.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0340-5354",
doi="10.1007/s00415-020-10385-6",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-10385-6"
}