@article{ref1,
title="Video-based sleep detection using ocular signals under the standard conditions of the maintenance of wakefulness test in patients with sleep disorders",
journal="Physiological measurement",
year="2021",
author="Veauthier, Christian and Glos, Martin and Kratzel, Lucas and Penzel, Thomas and Fietze, Ingo and François, Clémentine and Rekow, Sven",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Excessive sleepiness is a physiological reaction to sleep deficiency but can also be caused by underlying medical conditions. Detecting sleep is essential in  preventing accidents and for medical diagnostics. Polysomnography (PSG) is  considered the gold standard for the detection of sleep. More convenient video-based  methods for detecting sleepiness have recently emerged. APPROACH: The possibility of  detecting sleep using video-based ocular signals will be assessed using PSG for  reference. Ocular signals and EEG are recorded in parallel under the conditions of  the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) in 30 patients with sleep disorders. MAIN  RESULTS: In detecting sleep, the ocular signal percentage of eyelid closure  (PERCLOS) is superior to other ocular signals, resulting in an area under the curve  (AUC) of 0.88. Using a PERCLOS cutoff value of 0.76, sleep is correctly detected  with a sensitivity of 89%, a specificity of 76%, the sleep latency is moderately  correlated to the reference (rho = 0.66, p < 0.05) and the 95% confidence interval  is ±21.1 minutes. SIGNIFICANCE: Ocular signals can facilitate the detection of sleep  under the conditions of the MWT but sleep detection should not solely rely on ocular  signals. If PSG recordings are not practicable or if a signal is needed that  responds relatively early in the wake/sleep transition, the use of PERCLOS for the  detection of sleep is reasonable.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0967-3334",
doi="10.1088/1361-6579/abdb7e",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/abdb7e"
}