@article{ref1,
title="The 2015 U.S. Soccer Federation header ban and its effect on emergency room concussion rates in soccer players aged 10-13",
journal="JCCA Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association",
year="2020",
author="Lalji, Rahim and Snider, Hayden and Chow, Noah and Howitt, Scott",
volume="64",
number="3",
pages="187-192",
abstract="BACKGROUND: In 2015, the U.S. Soccer Federation banned heading for players aged 10-13. <br><br>PURPOSE/QUESTION: To assess the change in proportion of children aged 10-13 playing soccer in the US presenting to an Emergency Department (ED) with a concussion in relation to any other injury before and after the ban. <br><br>METHODS: Analysis was restricted to soccer athletes between 10-13 years that reported to a National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) participating hospital ED following injury in 2013-2014 and 2016-2017. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between year of injury and concussion diagnosis in relation to other injury diagnosis after adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity. <br><br>RESULTS: Concussion in relation to other injuries showed a significant increase in 2016-2017 when compared to 2013-2014 after adjustment (OR= 1.286, 95%CI = 1.090-1.517). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that banning heading may not reduce concussion within this population. However, significant confounders, including increased reporting, were not controlled for.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0008-3194",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}