@article{ref1,
title="Establishing the effectiveness of interventions provided to first responders to prevent and/or treat mental health effects of response to a disaster: a systematic review",
journal="Disaster medicine and public health preparedness",
year="2021",
author="Winders, W. Tyler and Bustamante, Nirma D. and Garbern, Stephanie Chow and Bills, Corey and Coker, Amin and Trehan, Indi and Osei-Ampofo, Maxwell and Levine, Adam C.",
volume="15",
number="1",
pages="115-126",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: This review systematically explores the current available evidence on the effectiveness of interventions provided to first responders to prevent and/or treat the mental health effects of responding to a disaster. <br><br>METHODS: A systematic review of Medline, Scopus, PsycINFO, and gray literature was conducted. Studies describing the effectiveness of interventions provided to first responders to prevent and/or treat the mental health effects of responding to a disaster were included. Quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. <br><br>RESULTS: Manuscripts totaling 3869 met the initial search criteria; 25 studies met the criteria for in-depth analysis, including 22 quantitative and 3 qualitative studies; 6 were performed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); 18 studies evaluated a psychological intervention; of these, 13 found positive impact, 4 found no impact, and 1 demonstrated worsened symptoms after the intervention. Pre-event trainings decreased psychiatric symptoms in each of the 3 studies evaluating its effectiveness. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrates that there are likely effective interventions to both prevent and treat psychiatric symptoms in first responders in high-, medium-, and low-income countries.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1935-7893",
doi="10.1017/dmp.2019.140",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2019.140"
}