@article{ref1,
title="Calibration and evaluation of responsibility-sensitive safety (RSS) in automated vehicle performance during cut-in scenarios",
journal="Transportation research part C: emerging technologies",
year="2021",
author="Liu, Shuang and Wang, Xuesong and Hassanin, Omar and Xu, Xiaoyan and Yang, Minming and Hurwitz, David and Wu, Xiangbin",
volume="125",
number="",
pages="e103037-e103037",
abstract="The ability of automated vehicles (AV) to avoid accidents in complex traffic environments is the focus of considerable public attention. Intel has proposed a mathematical model called Responsibility-Sensitive Safety (RSS) to ensure AVs maintain a safe distance from surrounding vehicles, but testing has, to date, been limited. This study calibrates and evaluates the RSS model based on cut-in scenarios in which minimal time-to-collision (TTC) is less than 3 s. Two hundred cut-in events were extracted from Shanghai Naturalistic Driving Study data, and the corresponding scenario information for each event was imported into a simulation platform. In each scenario, the human driver was replaced by an AV driven by the model predictive control-based adaptive cruise control (ACC) system embedded with the RSS model. The safety performance of three conditions, the human driver, RSS-embedded ACC model, and ACC-only model, were evaluated and compared. Compared to the performance of human drivers and ACC-only algorithm respectively, the RSS model increased the average TTC per event by 2.86 s and 0.94 s, shortened time-exposed TTC by 1.34 s and 0.65 s, and reduced time-integrated TTC by 0.91 s2 and 0.72 s2. These changes indicate that the RSS-embedded ACC model can improve safety performance in emergent cut-in scenarios. The RSS model can therefore be applied as a security guarantee, that is, to ensure the AV's timely awareness and response to dangerous cut-in situations, thus mitigating potential conflict.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0968-090X",
doi="10.1016/j.trc.2021.103037",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2021.103037"
}