@article{ref1,
title="The role of alcohol and other drugs on emergency department traumatic injury mortality in the United States",
journal="Drug and alcohol dependence",
year="2021",
author="Dimaggio, Charles J. and Avraham, Jacob B. and Frangos, Spiros G. and Keyes, Katherine",
volume="225",
number="",
pages="108763-108763",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Alcohol and other drugs (AOD) increase the risk of traumatic injury occurring, but data suggest a protective benefit in preventing trauma-related mortality. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology of AOD-related traumatic injury in the US over a recent 7 year period and assess the interaction of traumatic injury and AOD on pre-admission fatality on both an additive scale using incidence contrasts and on a statistical multiplicative scale using survey-adjusted logistic regression. <br><br>METHODS: Using the National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS), we describe the epidemiology of alcohol and substance-related emergency department traumatic injury over a recent period. AOD-related injury was assessed using survey-adjusted counts and means. Ratio estimates and differences were calculated using simulations based on survey-adjusted counts and standard errors. Differences in trends over time were evaluated by comparing the slopes of linear regression equations with year as the predictor variable. <br><br>RESULTS: Alcohol and substance-related emergency department injury discharges increased 9.8 % during the study period. There was a statistically significant interaction between traumatic injury death and AOD on both an additive scale and multiplicative scale. (Odds Ratio for interaction term = 1.76, 95 % CI = 1.53, 2.03). <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: AOD use does not provide a protective benefit in the setting of trauma, but rather is an important contributor to traumatic injury mortality.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0376-8716",
doi="10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108763",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108763"
}