@article{ref1,
title="Self-reported neurobehavioral symptoms in combat veterans: an examination of NSI with mBIAS symptom validity scales and potential effects of psychological distress",
journal="Psychological assessment",
year="2021",
author="Shura, Robert D. and Armistead-Jehle, Patrick and Rowland, Jared A. and Taber, Katherine H. and Cooper, Douglas B.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="This study evaluated symptom validity scales from the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and mild Brain Injury Atypical Symptom Scale (mBIAS) in a sample of 338 combat veterans. Classification statistics were computed using the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) as the validity criterion. Symptom distress was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist-5. At SIMS > 14, the NSI total score resulted in the highest area under the curve (AUC;.91), followed by Validity-10 (AUC =.88) and mBIAS (AUC =.67). At SIMS > 23, both NSI total and Validity-10 AUCs decreased to.88; in contrast, mBIAS AUC increased to.75. The NSI total score and Validity-10 were interpreted to reflect symptom magnification, whereas the mBIAS may reflect symptom fabrication. There was a subsample with elevated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and PTSD Checklist-5 scores who were significantly distressed but not deemed invalid on the NSI; however, there appears to be an upper threshold on the NSI total score (>69) beyond which nobody produced an invalid score on the SIMS. A recommended approach is provided for using NSI-related validity measures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1040-3590",
doi="10.1037/pas0001047",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0001047"
}