@article{ref1,
title="Refining Black men's depression measurement using participatory approaches: a concept mapping study",
journal="BMC public health",
year="2021",
author="Adams, Leslie B. and Baxter, Samuel L. K. and Lightfoot, Alexandra F. and Gottfredson, Nisha and Golin, Carol and Jackson, Leron C. and Tabron, James and Corbie-Smith, Giselle and Powell, Wizdom",
volume="21",
number="1",
pages="1194-1194",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Despite cumulative socioeconomic disadvantage and risk factors, Black Americans have a lower prevalence of depression than whites. Given the emerging focus of depression as a public mental health crisis, culturally informed depression measures and scale development techniques are needed to better alleviate the mental health burden of socially marginalized populations. Yet, for Black men, race- and gender-related factors that position emotional vulnerability as a sign of weakness, may potentially mask the timely identification of mental health needs in this population. Thus, we address these gaps by employing a stakeholder-driven, community-engaged process for understanding Black men's depression experience. <br><br>METHODS: We use concept mapping, a structured mixed methods approach, to determine how stakeholders of Black men's health conceptualize their depressive symptoms. Thirty-six stakeholders participated in a three-phase concept mapping study conducted in 2018. Three separate stakeholder groups were engaged for this study, including Black men, Black women, and primary care providers. <br><br>RESULTS: Participants generated 68 characteristics of Black men's depression which were reflected within five conceptual clusters: (1) physical states; (2) emotional states; (3) diminished drive; (4) internal conflicts; (5) communication with others; and (6) social pressures. Using a content analysis approach, we found that items comprising the &quot;social pressures&quot; cluster were not reflected in any common depression scales. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study illustrate the similar and divergent pathways in which Black men express depressed mood. Furthermore, concept mapping results also yield a novel opportunity for culturally informed scale development in future research.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1471-2458",
doi="10.1186/s12889-021-11137-5",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11137-5"
}